Social Media Activism and Youth Political Participation in Pakistan

Abstract

Social media has emerged as a powerful tool shaping political engagement, particularly among youth in developing democracies. This study investigates the relationship between social media activism and youth political participation in Pakistan, analyzing how online political discussions, content sharing, and mobilization campaigns influence offline civic behaviors. Using a survey of 1,500 youth aged 18–30 across major urban centers, this study examines digital activism patterns, political efficacy, and socio-demographic moderators. Results indicate that engagement with political content on social media significantly correlates with offline participation, though effects are moderated by education, gender, and urban-rural residency. The findings underscore the dual role of social media as both an enabler and barrier to youth political participation, providing actionable insights for policymakers and civil society actors seeking to strengthen democratic engagement.