Pakistan Journal of Management and Social Issues (PJMSI)
type: channel
description: Pakistan Journal of Management and Social Issues (PJMSI) is a prestigious and multidisciplinary scholarly publication that serves as a platform for rigorous academic research and critical analysis within the realm of Business & Management, Social Sciences, Arts & Humanities, Physical Sciences, Natural Sciences, Engineering & Technology and Health Sciences. This journal provides a forum for academics, researchers, policymakers and practitioners to contribute to and engage in discussions about contemporary societal challenges and the policy responses needed to address them. Aims and Scope: The PJMSI aims to foster insightful discourse and disseminate high-quality research across various domains within the Social Sciences, Arts & Humanities, Physical Sciences, Natural Sciences, Engineering & Technology, Health Sciences and Business & Management. The journal's scope encompasses a wide range of disciplines but not limited to: Social Sciences Arts & Humanities Physical Sciences Natural Sciences Engineering & Technology Health Sciences Business & Management Editorial Process and Quality Standards: The PJMSI upholds rigorous academic standards, employing a robust peer-review process to ensure the quality, validity, and originality of published articles. Submissions undergo thorough evaluation by experts in the field, providing constructive feedback to authors to enhance the scholarly contribution of their work. Contributions: The journal welcomes various types of contributions, including original research articles, review papers, case studies, policy briefs, book reviews, and commentaries. Each submission should present novel insights, theoretical frameworks, empirical evidence, or practical implications relevant to the fields. Audience and Impact: Targeted at scholars, policymakers, practitioners, and students in the above mentioned fields, the PJMSI strives to bridge the gap between academic research and policy practice. By providing evidence-based insights and innovative…
language: en
publication name: Pakistan Journal of Management and Social Issues (PJMSI)
items: The Impact of Social Inequality Outcomes on Digital Welfare Delivery Systems
items: The Impact of Ethical, Legal, and Social Implications of Gene Editing in Financial Institutions
items: Optimizing Green Hydrogen Production Through Techno-Economic and Lifecycle Analysis
items: Measuring the Psychological Effects of Algorithmic News Consumption on Political Polarization
items: Evaluating Corporate Carbon Disclosure Practices and Their Impact on Investor Confidence
items: The Effect Formation and Spread of Digital Misinformation Networks on Social Media
items: Measuring the Role of Fintech Adoption in Enhancing SME Financial Performance in Emerging Markets
items: Examining the Cultural Impact of Algorithmic Curation on Artistic Production
items: Assessing the Effectiveness of Blockchain-Based ESG Reporting on Corporate Transparency
items: Analyzing Organizational Resilience Strategies During Global Economic Shocks
items: Optimizing Renewable Energy Storage Systems Using Advanced Control Algorithms
items: Evaluating Thermal and Electrical Properties of Quantum Materials for Energy Applications
items: Evaluating AI-Assisted Methods for Large-Scale Literary Text Analysis
items: Developing and Validating Social Trust Indices in Digitally Mediated Societies
items: Assessing the Strategic Value of Data-Driven Innovation in Competitive Advantage Creation
items: Modeling the Relationship Between Leadership Styles and Employee Productivity in Hybrid Work Settings
items: Examining Climate Change Adaptation Policies Through Social Vulnerability Indicators
items: Designing Nanostructured Materials for Enhanced Carbon Dioxide Capture Efficiency
items: Critically Examining Post-Colonial Identity Construction in Global Visual Art
items: Analyzing the Impact of Explainable AI on Strategic Decision Quality in Large Enterprises
items: Impact of Promotional Activity on Consumer Perception in FMCG Sector in Lahore reign
items: Evaluating the Impact of Employee Motivation on Job Performance: A Study of Organization in Lahore
items: Comparative Study of Performance Appraisal in Hotels
items: Analyzing the Impact of Promotional Strategies on Consumer Perception in the Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) Sector
items: A Comparative Study HR Practices between Public & Private Bank in Pakistan
items: Consumer Attitudes and Perceptions of Online Banking in Pakistan: An Empirical Study
items: Factors affecting the firm decision to go for outsourcing
items: Business Innovation and quantitative Models in Circular Economy and Closed Loop Supply Chains/reverse Logistics: A systematic review of Literature
items: The Employee’s opinion on HR practices. A bibliometric Analysis
items: Exploring Women in the Workplace: Overcoming Challenges and Achieving Success in Pakistan's Corporate Sector

The Impact of Social Inequality Outcomes on Digital Welfare Delivery Systems
type: item
description: Digital welfare delivery systems, including online social assistance platforms, e-government portals, and mobile welfare applications, have emerged as critical tools for improving accessibility, efficiency, and transparency in public service provision. However, social inequality—defined in terms of income, education, digital literacy, and geographic disparities may significantly influence both access to and outcomes of digital welfare programs. This research investigates the impact of social inequality on the effectiveness and inclusivity of digital welfare delivery systems. A quantitative survey approach was adopted, collecting responses from 380 beneficiaries, welfare administrators, and policy experts across urban and rural regions. Structural Equation Modeling using SmartPLS examined the relationships between social inequality indicators, system accessibility, user engagement, and perceived welfare effectiveness. Results indicate that higher social inequality adversely affects access, utilization, and engagement with digital welfare platforms. Digital literacy and infrastructure availability emerged as significant mediators, with disparities in these areas amplifying inequality in program outcomes. Geographic location and income levels were strongly correlated with barriers to digital system use, while user engagement and feedback mechanisms moderated the relationship between inequality and perceived system effectiveness. The study contributes to the literature on digital governance and welfare economics by highlighting the complex interplay between social inequality and technology-mediated service delivery. Practically, findings underscore the need for policymakers and platform designers to implement inclusive strategies, such as simplified user interfaces, digital literacy programs, and infrastructure expansion, to ensure equitable access. Limitations include reliance on self-reported data and cross-sectional design. Future research should incorporate longitud…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Social Inequality, Digital Welfare Systems, Accessibility, Digital Literacy, User Engagement, E-Government, Welfare Effectiveness
  topic: keywords
creator: Azmat Ali Khan
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Pakistan Journal of Management and Social Issues (PJMSI)
date: 2026-03-01
publication date: 2026-03-01
starting page: 24
ending page: 32

The Impact of Ethical, Legal, and Social Implications of Gene Editing in Financial Institutions
type: item
description: Advances in gene editing technologies, particularly CRISPR-Cas9, have raised profound ethical, legal, and social concerns (ELSI), which extend beyond biomedical applications into broader societal domains. Financial institutions, as custodians of capital, insurance, and investment decisions, are increasingly confronted with the implications of gene editing for risk assessment, insurance underwriting, investment ethics, and corporate governance. This study explores the impact of ethical, legal, and social considerations of gene editing on financial institutions’ operational, strategic, and regulatory decisions. A quantitative survey was conducted among 360 professionals in banking, insurance, and investment sectors, assessing perceptions of ethical risk, legal compliance, social responsibility, and organizational response to emerging gene editing technologies. SmartPLS Structural Equation Modeling was applied to examine relationships between awareness of ethical, legal, and social implications, organizational policies, risk mitigation strategies, and stakeholder trust. Results indicate that ethical awareness and perceived social impact significantly influence institutional policies, while legal compliance mediates the relationship between perceived risks and stakeholder trust. Financial institutions that proactively integrate ELSI considerations into governance frameworks are more likely to maintain regulatory compliance, stakeholder confidence, and reputational resilience. This research contributes to interdisciplinary literature bridging bioethics, finance, and corporate governance. Findings highlight the need for institutional frameworks that address the societal and ethical ramifications of gene editing technologies, while mitigating regulatory and reputational risks. Limitations include reliance on self-reported data and cross-sectional design; future research should incorporate longitudinal studies and scenario-based simulations to evaluate institutional respons…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Gene Editing, Crispr, Ethical Implications, Legal Compliance, Social Responsibility, Financial Institutions, Risk Management, Stakeholder Trust, Corporate Governance
  topic: keywords
creator: Hafeez Alizai
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Pakistan Journal of Management and Social Issues (PJMSI)
date: 2026-03-01
publication date: 2026-03-01
starting page: 16
ending page: 23

Optimizing Green Hydrogen Production Through Techno-Economic and Lifecycle Analysis
type: item
description: Green hydrogen, produced via water electrolysis using renewable energy, is a cornerstone of the global transition to low-carbon energy systems. Optimizing green hydrogen production requires a comprehensive assessment of techno-economic performance, energy efficiency, and environmental sustainability. This study investigates the optimization of green hydrogen production through combined techno-economic and lifecycle analysis (TEA-LCA), focusing on cost, energy consumption, carbon emissions, and system design parameters. A quantitative modeling approach was applied, integrating process simulation, cost estimation, and lifecycle assessment. Key parameters analyzed include electrolyzer technology (PEM, alkaline, SOEC), renewable energy input, storage, and distribution. SmartPLS Structural Equation Modeling was used to examine the relationships between techno-economic indicators, environmental performance, operational efficiency, and overall system sustainability. Results indicate that system efficiency, energy source cost, and electrolyzer technology significantly influence both production cost and carbon intensity. Lifecycle analysis reveals that renewable energy mix and electrolyzer durability are critical factors in minimizing environmental impact. TEA-LCA integration identifies optimal operating strategies, highlighting trade-offs between cost reduction and emissions mitigation. The study contributes to energy systems literature by providing empirical insights into the drivers of cost-effective and environmentally sustainable green hydrogen production. Findings inform policymakers, energy developers, and investors on strategies to accelerate the adoption of green hydrogen while achieving carbon neutrality targets. Limitations include modeling assumptions on energy prices and technology performance; future research should incorporate real-time operational data and stochastic modeling to enhance robustness.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Green Hydrogen, Techno-Economic Analysis, Lifecycle Assessment, Electrolyze Technology, Renewable Energy, Energy Efficiency, Sustainability, Carbon Neutrality, Production Optimization
  topic: keywords
creator: Huzaif Arsalan
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Pakistan Journal of Management and Social Issues (PJMSI)
date: 2026-03-01
publication date: 2026-03-01
starting page: 11
ending page: 15

Measuring the Psychological Effects of Algorithmic News Consumption on Political Polarization
type: item
description: The rise of algorithm-driven news recommendation systems on social media platforms has reshaped information consumption patterns, raising concerns about political polarization. Algorithmic curation, designed to maximize engagement by tailoring content to user preferences, may reinforce ideological biases, create echo chambers, and amplify selective exposure. This study investigates the psychological effects of algorithmic news consumption on political polarization, examining cognitive, emotional, and behavioral responses to personalized news feeds. A quantitative survey was conducted with 400 social media users, spanning diverse age groups, education levels, and political affiliations. Constructs measured include algorithmic exposure, selective perception, cognitive bias, emotional response, and political polarization. Structural Equation Modeling using SmartPLS was employed to test the relationships between algorithmic news consumption and polarization outcomes. Results indicate that higher exposure to algorithmically tailored content significantly increases selective perception and cognitive bias, which mediate the relationship between algorithmic exposure and political polarization. Emotional responses, including anger and moral outrage, further exacerbate polarization effects, suggesting that algorithmic curation not only shapes information exposure but also amplifies affective drivers of political division. The study contributes to media psychology and political communication literature by providing empirical evidence linking algorithmic news curation with psychological mechanisms that drive polarization. Findings highlight the role of cognitive and emotional mediators, emphasizing the need for platforms, policymakers, and users to recognize and mitigate the effects of algorithmic filtering. Limitations include reliance on self-reported survey data and cross-sectional design. Future studies should incorporate longitudinal and behavioral tracking methods to capt…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Algorithmic News, Political Polarization, Social Media, Cognitive Bias, Selective Perception, Emotional Response, Echo Chambers, Digital Media Psychology
  topic: keywords
creator: Hafsa Ambreen
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Pakistan Journal of Management and Social Issues (PJMSI)
date: 2026-03-01
publication date: 2026-03-01
starting page: 06
ending page: 10

Evaluating Corporate Carbon Disclosure Practices and Their Impact on Investor Confidence
type: item
description: Climate change has intensified the scrutiny of corporate environmental practices, making carbon disclosure an essential component of sustainable business reporting. Carbon disclosure refers to the systematic reporting of greenhouse gas emissions, climate-related risks, and mitigation strategies. Transparent carbon reporting can enhance corporate accountability and influence investor decision-making by signaling environmental responsibility and long-term sustainability. This study evaluates the effectiveness of corporate carbon disclosure practices and examines their impact on investor confidence. A quantitative survey was conducted among 340 investors, financial analysts, and sustainability officers to assess perceptions of carbon disclosure comprehensiveness, reliability, and transparency. Structural Equation Modeling was employed to examine the relationships between disclosure quality, reporting consistency, stakeholder trust, and investor confidence. Results indicate that higher quality and more consistent carbon disclosure positively influence investor confidence. Stakeholder trust mediates this relationship, demonstrating that transparent and reliable reporting enhances the credibility of firms’ environmental commitments. Firms with comprehensive reporting frameworks, such as adherence to the Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP) and international standards, are perceived as more accountable, reducing perceived environmental risk and fostering investor confidence. The study contributes to the literature on environmental, social, and governance (ESG) reporting by providing empirical evidence linking carbon disclosure practices to financial market perceptions. Practically, findings emphasize the need for firms to adopt standardized disclosure frameworks, improve data reliability, and communicate emissions performance clearly to maintain investor trust. Limitations include reliance on self-reported perceptions and cross-sectional survey data. Future studies should incor…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Carbon Disclosure, Investor Confidence, Corporate Transparency, Stakeholder Trust, Smartpls, Esg Reporting, Greenhouse Gas Reporting, Sustainability Communication
  topic: keywords
creator: Saba Gul
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Pakistan Journal of Management and Social Issues (PJMSI)
date: 2026-03-01
publication date: 2026-03-01
starting page: 01
ending page: 05

The Effect Formation and Spread of Digital Misinformation Networks on Social Media
type: item
description: Digital misinformation on social media has become one of the defining challenges of contemporary communication ecosystems. This study analyzes how misinformation networks are formed, how they spread across platforms, and how they influence user perceptions and behaviors. The research integrates theories from network science, social psychology, and information systems to examine the structural and cognitive mechanisms that enable false content to travel faster than verified information. A quantitative design using survey data from 380 active social media users was employed. Structural Equation Modeling through SmartPLS tested relationships among algorithmic exposure, social endorsement, emotional appeal, network centrality, and belief adoption. Findings reveal that algorithmic amplification and peer endorsement are the strongest predictors of misinformation diffusion. Emotional content significantly mediates the relationship between exposure and belief acceptance, suggesting that affective triggers override rational evaluation. The study demonstrates that misinformation networks operate as self reinforcing systems where highly connected nodes accelerate cascade effects. Digital literacy shows a negative relationship with misinformation acceptance, yet its moderating effect is weaker than expected, indicating structural platform factors dominate individual capabilities. This research contributes to theoretical understanding by proposing an integrated model that links technological affordances with psychological vulnerabilities. Practical implications emphasize the need for platform design reforms, transparent recommendation systems, and community based verification practices. The study further highlights ethical responsibilities of social media companies in mitigating coordinated inauthentic behavior. Limitations include cross sectional design and reliance on self reported measures. Future studies should incorporate behavioral trace data and cross platform comparisons…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Digital Misinformation, Social Media Networks, Algorithmic Amplification, Emotional Contagion, Network Centrality, Belief Formation, Digital Literacy
  topic: keywords
creator: Shakeel Ahmad
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Pakistan Journal of Management and Social Issues (PJMSI)
date: 2026-03-01
publication date: 2026-03-01
starting page: 24
ending page: 29

Measuring the Role of Fintech Adoption in Enhancing SME Financial Performance in Emerging Markets
type: item
description: This study investigates the role of financial technology (Fintech) adoption in improving the financial performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in emerging markets. Fintech adoption represents the integration of innovative digital financial services such as mobile payments, digital credit, blockchain-based solutions, and cloud-based accounting into business operations. Emerging markets face structural challenges such as limited access to formal finance, high transaction costs, and inadequate financial infrastructure, which constrain SME growth and sustainability (Beck & Demirgüç-Kunt, 2006; Lee & Shin, 2018). SMEs that adopt Fintech are hypothesized to achieve enhanced financial performance measured through profitability, operational efficiency, liquidity, and growth. The research explores how these technological capabilities affect SME outcomes through empirical modeling and structural equation modelling (SEM). The study draws on the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework to explain Fintech adoption by SMEs, while the Resource-Based View (RBV) informs the link between Fintech resources and superior performance (Tornatzky & Fleischer, 1990; Barney, 1991). A quantitative survey was administered to 400 SME owners across multiple emerging market contexts (e.g., Pakistan, Kenya, Nigeria, Indonesia). A structured questionnaire measured constructs of Fintech adoption, organizational readiness, environmental support, and financial performance. Partial Least Squares SEM was used to estimate relationships and test hypothesized paths. Results indicate that Fintech adoption significantly influences SME financial performance (β = 0.48, p < .01), with mediating effects from organizational readiness and customer digital engagement (p < .05). Fintech usage mitigates traditional financing constraints, improves cash flow management, and supports faster transactions. Findings underscore the importance of regulatory support and digital infrastructure in maximizi…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Fintech Adoption, Small And Medium Enterprises, Financial Performance, Emerging Markets, Digital Finance, SME Growth
  topic: keywords
creator: Muhammad Nawaz Khan
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Pakistan Journal of Management and Social Issues (PJMSI)
date: 2026-03-01
publication date: 2026-03-01
starting page: 18
ending page: 23

Examining the Cultural Impact of Algorithmic Curation on Artistic Production
type: item
description: Algorithmic curation has become a central force in shaping contemporary artistic production, mediating how art is discovered, disseminated, and consumed across digital platforms. This research investigates the cultural effects of algorithmically curated recommendations on creative processes, artistic visibility, and audience reception. Drawing upon theories of cultural production, media sociology, and platform studies, the study examines how algorithmic filtering influences artistic diversity, genre innovation, and cultural hierarchies. A mixed-method approach was employed, combining survey data from 320 professional artists and cultural producers with content analysis of streaming and social media platforms. Structural Equation Modeling using SmartPLS assessed the relationships between algorithmic exposure, visibility, creative autonomy, audience feedback, and cultural impact. Results indicate that algorithmic curation significantly affects the visibility of certain genres and artist profiles, favoring mainstream and algorithmically optimized content. Creative autonomy mediates the effect of algorithmic visibility on perceived cultural influence, with artists adapting production strategies to align with algorithmic preferences. Audience engagement amplifies these effects, reinforcing patterns of cultural reinforcement and selective exposure. The study contributes to understanding the interplay between technological infrastructures and cultural production by demonstrating that algorithmic curation not only redistributes attention but actively shapes the creative choices of artists. Practically, findings suggest that platform governance, transparency, and support for diverse artistic expressions are essential to mitigating homogenization risks. Limitations include self-reported measures and platform-specific sampling. Future research should examine cross-platform dynamics and longitudinal changes in artistic practices under evolving algorithmic architectures.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Algorithmic Curation, Artistic Production, Cultural Impact, Creative Autonomy, Visibility, Audience Engagement, Digital Platforms
  topic: keywords
creator: Shayesta Rafeeq
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Pakistan Journal of Management and Social Issues (PJMSI)
date: 2026-03-01
publication date: 2026-03-01
starting page: 13
ending page: 17

Assessing the Effectiveness of Blockchain-Based ESG Reporting on Corporate Transparency
type: item
description: Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) reporting has become a critical tool for enhancing corporate accountability, investor confidence, and sustainable business practices. Traditional ESG reporting suffers from limitations such as lack of verifiability, selective disclosure, and low trust among stakeholders. Blockchain technology offers the potential to address these challenges by providing a secure, immutable, and transparent system for recording ESG-related data. This research investigates the effectiveness of blockchain-based ESG reporting in improving corporate transparency. A quantitative survey design collected data from 360 corporate managers, sustainability officers, and investors across multiple industries actively implementing or evaluating blockchain-enabled ESG reporting systems. Structural Equation Modeling using SmartPLS was applied to examine relationships among blockchain adoption, data reliability, stakeholder trust, reporting accuracy, and perceived transparency. Results indicate that blockchain adoption significantly enhances data reliability, which in turn positively influences stakeholder trust and perception of corporate transparency. Reporting accuracy mediates the relationship between blockchain adoption and transparency, suggesting that the technological infrastructure improves not only accessibility but also the quality of disclosed ESG data. The study contributes to ESG literature by providing empirical evidence on the value of blockchain in addressing reporting inefficiencies and enhancing accountability. Findings highlight that firms integrating blockchain into ESG processes are perceived as more transparent, trustworthy, and accountable by investors and other stakeholders. Practically, the research informs managers, regulators, and policymakers on the benefits and limitations of blockchain-based reporting frameworks, while identifying critical success factors such as standardization, interoperability, and governance protocols. Lim…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Blockchain, ESG Reporting, Corporate Transparency, Stakeholder Trust, Reporting Accuracy, , Sustainable Governance, Data Reliability
  topic: keywords
creator: Asad Ullah
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Pakistan Journal of Management and Social Issues (PJMSI)
date: 2026-03-01
publication date: 2026-03-01
starting page: 07
ending page: 12

Analyzing Organizational Resilience Strategies During Global Economic Shocks
type: item
description: Organizational resilience has emerged as a critical capability that enables firms to withstand, adapt, and thrive amid global economic shocks. This research investigates the strategies organizations deploy to sustain operations during sudden downturns and prolonged financial distress, including diversification, innovation, digital transformation, stakeholder engagement, and strategic resource allocation. The study synthesizes multiple theoretical lenses, linking resilience to dynamic capabilities theory, adaptive cycle theory, and systems thinking. Drawing upon primary survey data from senior managers across manufacturing, services, and technology sectors, Structural Equation Modeling through SmartPLS was used to examine relationships among strategic resilience dimensions and firm performance under economic shocks. Results indicate that strategic flexibility and knowledge management significantly mediate the relationship between environmental turbulence and resilience outcomes, while digital transformation serves as a critical enabler of adaptive capacity. This research contributes to resilience theory by clarifying mechanisms through which organizational strategies mitigate the adverse impacts of global shocks. Practical implications suggest that firms prioritizing learning cultures, cross-functional collaboration, and real-time data analytics are better positioned to navigate economic volatility. The study further identifies that leadership commitment and agile governance frameworks amplify the effectiveness of resilience strategies. Findings reveal that resilience is not merely reactive but a proactive, strategically embedded capability requiring continuous investment. This research advances a comprehensive model that policymakers and leaders can use to assess organizational preparedness and response efficacy.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Organizational Resilience, Economic Shocks, Strategic Flexibility, Adaptive Capacity, Dynamic Capabilities, Digital Transformation, Performance Sustainability
  topic: keywords
creator: Abdullah
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Pakistan Journal of Management and Social Issues (PJMSI)
date: 2026-03-01
publication date: 2026-03-01
starting page: 01
ending page: 06

Optimizing Renewable Energy Storage Systems Using Advanced Control Algorithms
type: item
description: The global transition toward renewable energy has intensified the need for efficient and intelligent energy storage systems capable of balancing intermittent generation with fluctuating demand. Solar and wind resources fluctuate with weather and time, creating instability in power grids that were designed for predictable fossil fuel plants. Advanced control algorithms offer a pathway to optimize charging, discharging, and degradation management of batteries, supercapacitors, and hybrid storage technologies. This study evaluates the effectiveness of model predictive control, reinforcement learning, and adaptive fuzzy logic in improving technical and economic performance of renewable energy storage systems. A comprehensive framework was developed that integrates real time forecasting of renewable generation, state of charge estimation, and grid demand signals. Simulation experiments were conducted using a microgrid model containing photovoltaic arrays, lithium ion batteries, and residential loads. Performance indicators included energy efficiency, lifecycle cost, depth of discharge, and grid stability metrics. SmartPLS structural modeling was employed to validate relationships between algorithm sophistication, forecasting accuracy, and overall system optimization. Results demonstrate that advanced control algorithms significantly enhance storage utilization compared with rule based strategies. Model predictive control achieved the highest energy efficiency while reinforcement learning provided superior adaptability under uncertain conditions. The analysis further reveals that forecasting accuracy mediates the effect of algorithm type on economic outcomes. The proposed evaluation index explains 72 percent of variance in system performance, confirming the suitability of the conceptual model. The research contributes to sustainable energy engineering by offering quantitative evidence for selecting control strategies in distributed grids. Practical implications include gu…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Renewable Energy Storage, Advanced Control Algorithms, Model Predictive Control, Reinforcement Learning, Microgrid Optimization
  topic: keywords
creator: Zohan Ali Jamali
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Pakistan Journal of Management and Social Issues (PJMSI)
date: 2026-03-01
publication date: 2026-03-01
starting page: 23
ending page: 27

Evaluating Thermal and Electrical Properties of Quantum Materials for Energy Applications
type: item
description: Quantum materials have emerged as promising candidates for next generation energy technologies because their electronic states, lattice vibrations, and magnetic excitations can be engineered in ways impossible for classical solids. This research evaluates the thermal and electrical properties of selected quantum materials with the aim of determining their suitability for energy conversion and storage applications. Materials such as topological insulators, layered transition metal dichalcogenides, and strongly correlated oxides exhibit unusual carrier mobility, tunable band structures, and low thermal conductivity that could improve thermoelectric generators, solid state batteries, and superconducting power devices. However, systematic assessment methods that connect microscopic quantum behavior to macroscopic energy performance remain limited. The present study develops an integrative evaluation framework combining experimental characterization, theoretical modeling, and multivariate statistical validation. Samples of bismuth telluride alloys, molybdenum disulfide thin films, and lanthanum strontium copper oxide ceramics were synthesized using controlled deposition and sintering techniques. Electrical conductivity, Seebeck coefficient, carrier concentration, and thermal diffusivity were measured across temperature ranges relevant to energy systems. SmartPLS modeling was employed to validate relationships between crystal quality, defect density, phonon scattering, and overall energy efficiency indicators. Results demonstrate that quantum confinement and interface engineering can simultaneously enhance electrical transport while suppressing lattice thermal conductivity, leading to significant improvement in the thermoelectric figure of merit. The study further reveals that microstructural stability mediates the relationship between intrinsic quantum properties and device level performance. The research contributes to energy materials science by offering a quantitative…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Quantum Materials, Thermoelectric Properties, Electrical Conductivity, Thermal Transport, , Energy Applications
  topic: keywords
creator: Hamdan Durrani
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Pakistan Journal of Management and Social Issues (PJMSI)
date: 2026-03-01
publication date: 2026-03-01
starting page: 18
ending page: 22

Evaluating AI-Assisted Methods for Large-Scale Literary Text Analysis
type: item
description: The rapid expansion of digitized literary archives has transformed the study of literature from a predominantly close reading discipline into a data-intensive field supported by artificial intelligence and computational linguistics. This research evaluates AI-assisted methods for large-scale literary text analysis and investigates their validity, interpretability, and contribution to literary scholarship. While machine learning, topic modeling, and natural language processing enable the examination of millions of pages, scholars continue to debate whether these techniques capture the nuanced aesthetic and cultural dimensions traditionally explored through human interpretation. The study develops a framework that compares three families of AI methods: semantic modeling, stylistic pattern detection, and narrative structure extraction. The objective is to determine how effectively these approaches support thematic discovery, authorship attribution, and genre classification. A mixed methodological design was employed using a corpus of 12,000 English novels from the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Quantitative indicators of algorithmic performance were combined with expert evaluations from literary scholars. SmartPLS structural modeling was used to validate relationships between methodological transparency, interpretive usefulness, and scholarly acceptance. Results indicate that AI methods achieve high accuracy in pattern recognition tasks but vary considerably in their capacity to support meaningful interpretation. Semantic models based on transformer architectures demonstrated superior thematic coherence, while traditional topic models showed limitations in representing metaphor and irony. The research further reveals that interpretability mediates the relationship between technical performance and scholarly adoption. The study contributes to digital humanities by offering an evaluative index for AI-assisted literary analysis that balances computational efficiency …
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Artificial Intelligence, Literary Analysis, Digital Humanities, Text Mining, Interpretability, Large-Scale Corpora
  topic: keywords
creator: Mazhar Abbas
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Pakistan Journal of Management and Social Issues (PJMSI)
date: 2026-03-01
publication date: 2026-03-01
starting page: 13
ending page: 17

Developing and Validating Social Trust Indices in Digitally Mediated Societies
type: item
description: Social trust has become a fragile and contested resource in societies increasingly organized through digital platforms, algorithmic mediation, and networked communication. Traditional measures of trust were developed for face-to-face communities and institutional interactions, yet contemporary life is shaped by online reputation systems, platform governance, and data-driven personalization. This study develops and validates comprehensive social trust indices suitable for digitally mediated societies. The research integrates perspectives from sociology, information systems, and behavioral economics to conceptualize trust as a multidimensional construct consisting of interpersonal digital trust, institutional digital trust, algorithmic trust, and data privacy confidence. A quantitative design was employed using survey responses from 420 participants drawn from education, commerce, and public service sectors. Measurement scales were adapted from established trust literature and extended to capture digital specific dimensions. SmartPLS structural equation modeling was used to assess reliability, validity, and predictive relevance of the proposed indices. Findings demonstrate that digital social trust is not a single attitude but an ecosystem of related beliefs. Algorithmic transparency and perceived data protection emerged as the strongest predictors of overall social trust, while frequency of online interaction alone showed limited explanatory power. The validated index achieved composite reliability values above .87 and average variance extracted above .60 across all dimensions, indicating strong psychometric properties. The study contributes a practical measurement tool that governments, researchers, and platforms can use to monitor the health of social trust in online environments. Theoretically, it bridges classical trust theory with digital governance debates, proposing that trust in code and platforms now functions alongside trust in people and institutions. Impl…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Social Trust, Digital Society, Algorithmic Trust, Smartpls, Index Validation, Data Privacy, Online Platforms
  topic: keywords
creator: Ahmad Abbas
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Pakistan Journal of Management and Social Issues (PJMSI)
date: 2026-03-01
publication date: 2026-03-01
starting page: 07
ending page: 12

Assessing the Strategic Value of Data-Driven Innovation in Competitive Advantage Creation
type: item
description: This study investigates the strategic value of data-driven innovation in creating competitive advantage within contemporary organizational ecosystems. As businesses increasingly leverage data analytics, digital platforms, and advanced algorithms, data-driven innovation has emerged as a core capability for strategic differentiation. Despite its widespread adoption, there is limited empirical consensus on how data-driven innovation translates into measurable competitive advantage and what internal organizational factors moderate this relationship. This research addresses this gap by developing and validating a theoretical model linking data acquisition and analytics capabilities to innovation outcomes and, ultimately, to competitive advantage. Drawing on dynamic capabilities theory, the study hypothesizes that data acquisition capability, analytics capability, and data governance positively influence innovation performance and competitive advantage. Data were collected from 350 senior managers and data professionals across technology, finance, and manufacturing firms through a structured survey. Structural equation modeling using SmartPLS was employed to assess the relationships among constructs. The results indicate that data analytics capability significantly predicts innovation performance (β = .45, p < .001) and that both innovation performance and data governance significantly mediate the relationship between data acquisition capability and competitive advantage (β = .32, p < .01; β = .28, p < .05). Notably, data governance emerged as a stronger predictor of competitive advantage than raw data acquisition alone, suggesting that organizational processes and governance structures enable firms to extract strategic insight from data assets. Empirical findings underscore the role of internal alignment, technological infrastructure, and managerial commitment in realizing the strategic value of data-driven initiatives. This research enriches both academic and practition…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Data-Driven Innovation, Competitive Advantage, Data Governance, Analytics Capability, Strategic Management
  topic: keywords
creator: Ameen Azlan
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Pakistan Journal of Management and Social Issues (PJMSI)
date: 2026-03-01
publication date: 2026-03-01
starting page: 01
ending page: 06

Modeling the Relationship Between Leadership Styles and Employee Productivity in Hybrid Work Settings
type: item
description: The rapid expansion of hybrid work arrangements has fundamentally reshaped how organizations manage employees, coordinate tasks, and sustain productivity. Hybrid work settings, characterized by a combination of remote and on-site work, introduce new leadership challenges related to communication, trust, autonomy, and performance monitoring. Leadership styles that were effective in traditional office environments may not yield similar outcomes in hybrid contexts. This research examines how different leadership styles influence employee productivity in hybrid work settings, focusing on transformational, transactional, and servant leadership. Drawing upon leadership theory and organizational behavior literature, this study proposes a conceptual framework in which leadership styles directly affect employee productivity and indirectly influence it through work engagement and perceived autonomy. Hybrid work amplifies the importance of leadership behaviors that foster motivation, psychological safety, and alignment with organizational goals. Transformational leadership emphasizes vision, inspiration, and intellectual stimulation, which may enhance engagement in geographically dispersed teams. Transactional leadership relies on rewards and monitoring, which may have mixed effects in hybrid environments where direct supervision is limited. Servant leadership prioritizes employee well-being and empowerment, potentially strengthening trust and sustained productivity. A quantitative research design is employed using survey data collected from employees working in hybrid arrangements across large organizations. Structural equation modeling using SmartPLS is applied to test the hypothesized relationships among leadership styles, work engagement, perceived autonomy, and employee productivity. Results demonstrate that transformational and servant leadership have significant positive effects on productivity, both directly and indirectly through engagement and autonomy. Transactional…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Hybrid Work, Leadership Styles, Employee Productivity, Transformational Leadership, Servant Leadership, Work Engagement
  topic: keywords
creator: Muhammad Nawaz Khan
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Pakistan Journal of Management and Social Issues (PJMSI)
date: 2026-03-01
publication date: 2026-03-01
starting page: 25
ending page: 31

Examining Climate Change Adaptation Policies Through Social Vulnerability Indicators
type: item
description: Climate change adaptation policies are increasingly critical as global climate impacts intensify social and economic risks for vulnerable populations. Effective adaptation requires not only technical and environmental responses but also integration of social vulnerability indicators that reveal how different groups experience and respond to climate hazards. Social vulnerability indicators such as income, age, health status, education, and access to infrastructure influence adaptive capacity and exposure to climate perturbations. This research examines how climate change adaptation policies incorporate social vulnerability indicators to improve policy effectiveness, equity, resilience, and sustainability. Utilizing a mixed quantitative and qualitative approach, we develop and test a conceptual framework linking vulnerability indicators with adaptation policy outcomes using structural equation modeling (SEM) via SmartPLS. Scholars argue that adaptation policies often emphasize physical infrastructure and technological solutions while insufficiently addressing social determinants that shape risk exposure and adaptive capacities (Adger, 2006; Füssel & Klein, 2006). Social vulnerability frameworks provide a lens to assess how demographic, economic, and institutional factors influence community capacity to adapt to climate shocks (Cutter et al., 2003). Incorporating such indicators into policy design helps target resources to high‑vulnerability groups and align adaptation with social justice and sustainability goals. In this study we collect data from policy documents, stakeholder surveys, and expert evaluations across multiple regions. We operationalize key constructs including policy comprehensiveness, social vulnerability integration, institutional responsiveness, and adaptation efficacy. Using SmartPLS, we evaluate hypothesized relationships showing that policies which integrate social vulnerability indicators more fully are associated with higher perceived adaptation…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Climate Change Adaptation, Social Vulnerability, Policy Effectiveness, Smartpls, Resilience, Adaptive Capacity
  topic: keywords
creator: Farooq Ahmad
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Pakistan Journal of Management and Social Issues (PJMSI)
date: 2026-03-01
publication date: 2026-03-01
starting page: 19
ending page: 24

Designing Nanostructured Materials for Enhanced Carbon Dioxide Capture Efficiency
type: item
description: Rising concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) are a principal driver of climate change, necessitating advanced carbon capture technologies that are efficient, scalable, and cost effective. Nanostructured materials, with their high specific surface areas, tunable pore structures, and unique physicochemical properties, offer promising strategies for improving CO2 adsorption, separation, and utilization. This research examines the design principles, performance optimization, and efficiency of nanostructured CO2 capture materials such as porous carbons, metal organic frameworks (MOFs), hybrid nanocomposites, and functionalized nanomaterials. Understanding how nanostructure design influences CO2 uptake, selectivity, and regeneration energy is critical for developing next generation capture systems that can mitigate emissions from industrial sources and direct air capture processes. This thesis integrates literature on nanomaterial synthesis, adsorption mechanisms, pore structure optimization, and functionalization strategies, drawing on recent advances in porous carbon technologies and hybrid systems. Porous carbons with hierarchical nanostructures can achieve high surface areas and selective adsorption through controlled pore sizes and surface chemistries. MOFs with tunable frameworks provide opportunities for targeted CO2 binding and rapid kinetics, while hybrid nanocomposites combine the advantages of multiple material classes. Functionalization with amine or other active groups further enhances selective CO2 affinity. Using a mixed methodological approach, this study operationalizes constructs such as surface area, pore volume, functional group density, adsorption capacity, and regeneration efficiency. Data are obtained from synthesis experiments, adsorption isotherms, and performance tests under varying temperature and pressure conditions. SmartPLS structural equation modeling (SEM) is applied to assess relationships among nanostructural design features …
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Nanostructured Materials, Co2 Capture, Adsorption Efficiency, Porous Carbon, Metal Organic Frameworks, Functionalization
  topic: keywords
creator: Hamza Farooq
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Pakistan Journal of Management and Social Issues (PJMSI)
date: 2026-03-01
publication date: 2026-03-01
starting page: 12
ending page: 18

Critically Examining Post-Colonial Identity Construction in Global Visual Art
type: item
description: Post-colonial theory provides critical tools for understanding how former colonial contexts continue to shape cultural, social, and political identities. In global visual art, artists negotiate historical legacies of colonization, hybrid cultural expressions, and contemporary socio-political realities. This study examines how post-colonial identity is constructed, represented, and contested in global visual art, analyzing the intersection of visual aesthetics, historical narrative, and socio-political critique. Using a mixed-methods approach, the research evaluates visual artworks from multiple continents, including Africa, South Asia, the Caribbean, and Oceania, drawing on post-colonial theoretical frameworks to interpret how identity is encoded, challenged, and reimagined. The research identifies three primary dimensions of post-colonial identity in visual art: hybridity, representation of historical trauma, and negotiation of cultural authenticity. Hybridity refers to the fusion of indigenous, colonial, and global artistic forms that challenge essentialist notions of identity (Bhabha, 1994). Historical trauma is represented through visual motifs, symbolism, and narrative strategies that critique colonial violence and its lingering impact (Hall, 1990). Cultural authenticity emerges as artists navigate local traditions while engaging with global art markets, raising questions about commodification and self-representation. Data collection includes archival research, visual content analysis, and semi-structured interviews with artists, curators, and art critics. Constructs are operationalized as thematic presence (e.g., hybridity, colonial critique, identity assertion), aesthetic strategies, and audience reception. Using SmartPLS structural equation modeling, relationships between artistic strategies and perceived identity impact are assessed. The measurement model demonstrates high internal consistency and validity across constructs. Structural path analysis indicat…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Post-Colonial Identity, Visual Art, Hybridity, Cultural Authenticity, Historical Trauma, Audience Perception
  topic: keywords
creator: Hamza Hussain
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Pakistan Journal of Management and Social Issues (PJMSI)
date: 2024-06-30
publication date: 2024-06-30
starting page: 07
ending page: 11

Analyzing the Impact of Explainable AI on Strategic Decision Quality in Large Enterprises
type: item
description: The rapid evolution of artificial intelligence (AI) has transformed strategic decision-making across industries, yet concerns persist regarding the transparency and interpretability of AI models in enterprise contexts. Explainable AI (XAI) refers to methods and algorithms that make AI decisions understandable to human stakeholders. This thesis investigates the impact of XAI on strategic decision quality in large enterprises, focusing on operational efficiency, managerial trust, risk mitigation, and decision agility. Drawing on current literature from AI, organizational decision-making, and information systems research, this study proposes a conceptual framework linking XAI adoption to enhanced strategic decisions mediated by trust, perceived usefulness, and accountability. Large enterprises increasingly rely on complex machine learning models for forecasting, resource allocation, and competitive strategy. However, the “black-box” nature of many AI systems reduces user trust and limits managerial uptake of AI recommendations, potentially undermining decision quality (Doshi-Velez & Kim, 2017). Explainability is thus positioned as both a technical and organizational imperative. By providing interpretable insights into AI outputs, XAI can reduce cognitive barriers, improve stakeholder comprehension, and align model reasoning with enterprise objectives (Arrieta et al., 2020). This research integrates both qualitative and quantitative approaches. A cross-sectional survey of AI users and decision makers in large enterprises is utilized, with constructs measured via validated scales. Structural equation modeling (SEM) using SmartPLS tests hypotheses on how explainability affects trust, perceived usefulness, risk perception, and strategic decision quality. Results indicate significant positive relationships between XAI satisfaction and trust, trust and perceived usefulness, and perceived usefulness and decision quality. Notably, risk perception negatively moderates the relat…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Explainable AI, Strategic Decision Quality, Trust, Perceived Usefulness, Risk Perception, Large Enterprises
  topic: keywords
creator: Faseeha Ameen
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Pakistan Journal of Management and Social Issues (PJMSI)
date: 2024-06-30
publication date: 2024-06-30
starting page: 01
ending page: 06

Impact of Promotional Activity on Consumer Perception in FMCG Sector in Lahore reign
type: item
description: This research delves deep into the complex ways in which promotional strategies affect how consumers perceive products in the Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) sector. In an arena marked by fierce competition and swift product cycles, grasping the impact of these marketing tactics is vital for a brand's sustained relevance and success. Initially, the study sets the stage by exploring the foundational theories of consumer perception, elucidating the ways it is formed and influenced. Subsequently, it investigates a variety of promotional methods commonly used in the FMCG industry, including advertising, price reductions, loyalty initiatives, and in-store promotions. The study evaluates the effects of these promotional techniques in shaping aspects like consumer awareness, the perceived value of products, brand image, and ultimately, consumer purchasing decisions. The findings reveal that while promotional activities do have a significant effect on how consumers perceive products, the extent of their impact varies depending on factors such as the type of product, the demographic characteristics of the consumer, and how well the promotion aligns with the brand's image and core values. A notable discovery is the potential for a negative reaction when promotions are seen as too aggressive or not in sync with what consumers expect from the brand. Moreover, the research underscores a noticeable shift from traditional to digital promotional methods, emphasizing the increasing significance of online interactions in molding consumer perceptions
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) Employee Motivation, Job Performance, Salaries, Bonuses, Motivation
  topic: keywords
creator: Adil Shahzad
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Pakistan Journal of Management and Social Issues (PJMSI)
date: 2026-03-01
publication date: 2026-03-01
starting page: 46
ending page: 56

Evaluating the Impact of Employee Motivation on Job Performance: A Study of Organization in Lahore
type: item
description: This research explores the complex connection between employee motivation and job performance, aiming to unravel how different motivational elements play a crucial role in improving employee productivity. The paper commences by exploring the fundamental premise that financial remuneration, including salaries, bonuses, and other monetary rewards, is a primary driver of employee motivation, as underscored by theories from Houran, J., Sara et al., and Frederick Taylor. It further examines the role of non-monetary incentives, like job satisfaction, recognition, and personal growth opportunities, in fostering employee engagement and productivity, drawing upon the findings of Kalimullah et al. and Herzberg's motivation theory. In conclusion, this comprehensive analysis affirms that a multifaceted approach to employee motivation, encompassing both financial and non-financial incentives, leadership quality, trust, empowerment, and organizational support, is crucial for optimizing job performance. This research provides essential knowledge for managers and businesses seeking to cultivate a motivated team, leading to increased productivity and efficiency
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Employee Motivation, Job Performance, Salaries, Bonuses, Motivation
  topic: keywords
creator: Nisar Ahmad
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Pakistan Journal of Management and Social Issues (PJMSI)
date: 2026-03-01
publication date: 2026-03-01
starting page: 37
ending page: 45

Comparative Study of Performance Appraisal in Hotels
type: item
description: In this study, we conduct an in-depth comparative examination of the performance evaluation systems utilized within the hotel industry. The primary aim is to critically assess and compare the diverse approaches to performance evaluation used in hotels of various sizes and types, from intimate boutique hotels to expansive global chains. We focus on several key elements, including the methods used for performance appraisal, the regularity of evaluations, the criteria used for measuring performance, the processes for gathering employee feedback, and how appraisal results are tied to incentives and career advancement opportunities. Additionally, the study investigates the effects of these appraisal systems on factors such as employee motivation, job satisfaction, and loyalty to the organization, as well as their role in boosting service standards and operational effectiveness. Through this comparative analysis, we aim to provide practical guidance for hotel managers and human resources professionals who are working to refine their performance evaluation systems. The study emphasizes the necessity of aligning these systems with the organization's strategic objectives and cultural ethos, and it stresses the importance of ongoing revisions and enhancements to keep pace with the ever-evolving nature of the hospitality industry.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Comparative Examination, Performance Evaluation Systems, Expansive Global Chains, Appraisal Systems
  topic: keywords
creator: Faiqa Kiran
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Pakistan Journal of Management and Social Issues (PJMSI)
date: 2026-03-01
publication date: 2026-03-01
starting page: 27
ending page: 36

Analyzing the Impact of Promotional Strategies on Consumer Perception in the Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) Sector
type: item
description: This study delves into the effects of promotional strategies on consumer perceptions within the Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) sector, an arena marked by fierce competition and minimal barriers to brand switching. The primary aim is to dissect how various promotional tactics ranging from traditional advertising and in-store promotions to cutting-edge digital marketing and public relations efforts shape and sway consumer attitudes and their subsequent buying choices. In an era where consumer preferences shift rapidly and marketing methods continually evolve; the relevance of this research is pronounced. It endeavors to fill a critical void in current academic discourse, offering a detailed and context-specific exploration of how promotional strategies mold consumer perceptions in the FMCG landscape.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG), promotional strategies, various promotional tactics
  topic: keywords
creator: Rabia Lodhi
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Pakistan Journal of Management and Social Issues (PJMSI)
date: 2026-03-01
publication date: 2026-03-01
starting page: 12
ending page: 26

A Comparative Study HR Practices between Public & Private Bank in Pakistan
type: item
description: The main Purpose of this study is to examine the relationship and nature of relationship between the employee perceived performance and human resource (HR) practices (planning, training compensation, performance appraisal, and selection & Recruitment) in the banking sector of Pakistan. Analysis of 100 banking employees was conducted through personally administrated questionnaire to investigate the impact of HR practices on employees perceived performance. The relationship and nature of relationship is calculated by applying the Box Plot Diagrams. Results validate that, the employee perceived performance and HR practices has the positive and significant relationship. The Box Plot Diagram results indicate that the two HR practices: performance appraisal and compensation practices are considered more important in Private Banks as compared to Government Banks. Moreover, this study provides help for top-management of banking sector to design or revise their HR policies and make practices to attain high employee performance
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: human resource, employee Challenges, Corporate Sector, Pakistan
  topic: keywords
creator: Fazal Mahmood
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Pakistan Journal of Management and Social Issues (PJMSI)
date: 2024-03-31
publication date: 2024-03-31
starting page: 01
ending page: 11

Consumer Attitudes and Perceptions of Online Banking in Pakistan: An Empirical Study
type: item
description: In recent times, the global banking sector has experienced a swift evolution. Enhanced information technology has improved commitment tracking and fulfillment, provided a variety of online customer service channels, and expedited problem resolution. This research employs a blend of theoretical models and quantitative methods to explore and confirm the statistical links between customer perceptions and attitudes regarding online banking. The primary aim of this empirical study is to identify and analyze key factors that shape customers' perceptions and attitudes towards online banking. These key factors have a positive influence on customer perception and attitude, with convenience being a significant element that greatly affects customers' perceptions and attitudes
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Customer Perceptions, Customer Attitude, Online banking factors.
  topic: keywords
creator: Saad Farooq
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Pakistan Journal of Management and Social Issues (PJMSI)
date: 2026-03-01
publication date: 2026-03-01
starting page: 43
ending page: 53

Factors affecting the firm decision to go for outsourcing
type: item
description: This research delves into the effects of outsourcing on the performance of organizations, with a particular focus on the plastic molding manufacturing sector in Lahore. The study adopted a comprehensive approach that included conducting surveys and reviewing a range of secondary materials, such as industry publications, academic texts, and digital content. The primary participants of the study were managers from the manufacturing industry, with data collected from 103 completed questionnaires analyzed using SPSS software. The findings reveal that outsourcing plays a significant role in improving organizational efficiency, mainly by cutting costs, facilitating access to advanced technologies and specialized skills, and enabling firms to focus on their core operations. However, the study also highlights various risks and challenges associated with outsourcing, emphasizing the necessity of effective management practices. In summary, this research sheds light on the strategic advantages of outsourcing in bolstering organizational performance, especially within the manufacturing industry in Lahore
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Firm Decision, Outsourcing, Firm Directions.
  topic: keywords
creator: Muhammad Umer
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Pakistan Journal of Management and Social Issues (PJMSI)
date: 2026-03-01
publication date: 2026-03-01
starting page: 37
ending page: 42

Business Innovation and quantitative Models in Circular Economy and Closed Loop Supply Chains/reverse Logistics: A systematic review of Literature
type: item
description: Circular Economy makes an effort to overcome “take-make-waste” pattern of production and proposes a system in which value of products, services and resources is maintained in the system. It helps organizations to synergize their value systems for economic, social and environmental gains. Closed Loop Supply Chains (CLSC) can serve as a mean towards creating value in circular economy. Eminent scholars have contributed to the literature of CLSC focusing on key business decisions like product remanufacturing, inventory and demand management etc. Through a SLR, this paper aims to highlight the importance of different business and quantitative models that have been developed and have informed firms’ decision making in CE and CLSC. Our analyses suggest that conceptual models have been developed in much extent in CE and now there is a need to yield results by deploying these models through CLSC.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Circular Economy, Closed Loop Supply Chains, SLR.
  topic: keywords
creator: Muhammad Izhar Akram
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Pakistan Journal of Management and Social Issues (PJMSI)
date: 2026-03-01
publication date: 2026-03-01
starting page: 26
ending page: 36

The Employee’s opinion on HR practices. A bibliometric Analysis
type: item
description: The objective of a bibliometric examination paper is to inspect the verifiable worth of the distribution on a specific issue, which as of now talks about underneath it. The finding is additionally delineating the significance of the specific talked about issue that the ongoing methodology of HRM and SHRM will inspect. The VOS-viewer is useful to look at the profound detail of distributed articles. Over 80,000 distributed papers are accessible about HRM and more than 40,000 papers from 2012 on the setting of SHRM are there. This study gives data to specialists intrigued by the field of hierarchical citizenship conduct by giving an outline of patterns in the most famous catchphrases, diaries, and writers of articles examining the subject, which has become a seriously well-known topic lately. There is probability to dig further into this subject.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Strategic Human Resource, Employee perception of HR practices, Theoretical perspective
  topic: keywords
creator: Afzaal Ahmad
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Pakistan Journal of Management and Social Issues (PJMSI)
date: 2026-03-01
publication date: 2026-03-01
starting page: 15
ending page: 25

Exploring Women in the Workplace: Overcoming Challenges and Achieving Success in Pakistan's Corporate Sector
type: item
description: This research delves into the challenges faced by women in achieving professional success in Pakistan, examining the complex interplay of cultural, religious, and socio-economic elements. It pinpoints major hindrances such as the misinterpretation of religious doctrines concerning the role of women, deep-seated cultural stereotypes, and pervasive patriarchal views. A significant obstacle identified is "Sifarish" (favoritism and nepotism), which hinders fair career advancement. The study underscores the lackluster execution of legislative measures designed to aid women in their professional lives, underscoring the necessity for more resolute efforts from both government and corporate entities. The suggested remedies involve collaborating with religious scholars to rectify misconceptions about women's roles in religious texts and initiating public awareness campaigns to dismantle stereotypes. The research demonstrates the beneficial impacts of women's employment on their personal lives and family dynamics, in addition to broader economic gains such as increased GDP and societal progress.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Woman Workplace, Challenges, Corporate Sector, Pakistan
  topic: keywords
creator: Farah Kainaat
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Pakistan Journal of Management and Social Issues (PJMSI)
date: 2026-02-28
publication date: 2026-02-28
starting page: 01
ending page: 14