Gendered Perceptions of Climate Change and Environmental Responsibility in Rural Pakistan

Abstract

This study investigates gendered perceptions of climate change and environmental responsibility in rural Pakistan. Drawing on survey and focus group data from 1,500 participants across Punjab and Sindh, it explores how men and women perceive environmental risks, engage in adaptation strategies, and participate in community-based environmental initiatives. The study also examines the socio-cultural and educational factors that shape these perceptions and behaviors. Results highlight significant gender differences in awareness, risk perception, and responsibility toward environmental conservation. Women, despite lower formal education levels, demonstrated greater commitment to household-level sustainability practices, whereas men were more likely to participate in community-level initiatives. The findings suggest that climate change adaptation policies must be gender-responsive and culturally attuned to local realities.